Magnets and Their Powerful Natural Properties That Create Attraction, Repulsion, Direction, and Strong Magnetic Fields
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1. Attractive Force
Magnets attract certain metals like iron, nickel, and cobalt. This attraction is due to the alignment of magnetic domains inside the magnet, which creates a strong pulling force.
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2. Repulsive Force
Magnets not only attract — they also repel. When two magnets with the same poles (N-N or S-S) are brought close, they push each other away due to like pole repulsion.
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3. Two Poles Property
Every magnet always has two poles: North Pole and South Pole. These poles are regions where magnetic force is strongest.
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4. Poles Cannot Be Isolated
Even if you break a magnet into 100 pieces, each piece will still have both poles. A single North or South pole cannot exist alone (no “monopole” in nature).
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5. Invisible Magnetic Field
Magnets create an invisible area around them called a magnetic field.
This field is responsible for attraction, repulsion, and aligning another magnet or compass.
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6. Types of Magnetism
Magnets come in different forms:
Permanent magnets – Always magnetic
Temporary magnets – Lose magnetism easily
Electromagnets – Magnetic only when current flows
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7. Directional Property
A magnet that is freely suspended will point toward the Earth’s North and South magnetic poles. This property made compasses extremely useful in navigation.
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8. Strong at Poles
The magnetic strength is highest at the poles.
Middle part of the magnet has weaker magnetic force because most magnetic lines of force converge at the ends.
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9. Induced Magnetism
When a magnetic material like iron is touched by a magnet, it temporarily becomes a magnet.
This process is called magnetic induction, used in motors, generators, and solenoids.
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10. Magnetic Strength Depends on Conditions
Magnetic strength increases or decreases based on:
Material (neodymium magnets are stronger)
Temperature (heat reduces magnetism)
Shape (horseshoe sh
ape gives more strength at poles)
Distance (force decreases quickly with distance)
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